PASSENGER AND EMIGRANT
SHIPS
TO AUSTRALIA
AND NEW
ZEALAND
A LIST OF SHIPS
WHERE TO FIND PICTURES OF
THEM
I.
SAIL
AND SOME
SAIL AUXILIARIES
- up
to the 1880s (scroll down)
II. STEAM INCLUDING AUXILIARIES
- from 1850s to 1914 (click here)
III. PICTURE GALLERY OF STEAM
from 1850s to 1914 GO TO:
http://www.findboatpics.com.au
IV. STEAM & MOTOR SHIPS
- from 1918 to the 1970s GO TO:
http:// www.findboatpics.net.au/
...
RED JACKET in
the ice off Cape Horn - From a print by Currier
& Ives illustrated in
"Clipper Ships"
(Introduction by Felix Riesenberg)
THIS SITE – CONTACT
This site has been researched and put together by
Roy Fernandez -
an ex-yachtee who knows what it is like to be out on blue
water.
As he no longer sails, he likes to research and think about
ships
and passages. Any mistakes or obscurities are his,
and for which
he apologizes and
would be grateful for correction. He regards
this website as an
unfinished work which he hopes to expand. He
would like to add more German and other
non-British sailing
vessels (with their picture references) which
brought settlers to
Australia. His own Fernandez ancestors
arrived in Melbourne on
the White Star clipper 'Red Jacket' in 1855. He can
be contacted
by email below.
CONTACT (click on): roy@findboatpics.com
..
.
CUTTY
SARK
- From
a painting by Jack Spurling illustrated in
"SAIL:The
Romance of the Clipper Ships"
INDEX - ABBREVIATIONS - SOURCES (INTERNET)
INDEX
OF SAILING VESSELS EACH WITH A TWO
LETTER KEY
TO A
SHIPPING LINE OR OTHER HEADING
WHERE THEY ARE LISTED
A B C
D
E
F
G
H I J
K
L
M
N
O
P&Q
R
S
T
(CLICK
ON FIRST LETTER OF VESSEL'S NAME)
INDEX OF SHIPPING LINES (AND KEY)
FOR SHIP AND PICTURE SOURCES
CLICK
ON KEY
AW - Aberdeen White Star (Geo Thompson & Co)
BB -
Blackball Line (James Baines & Co, Liverpool)
BC - Blue Cross
Line (T & W Smith)
BW-
Blackwall Line (R & H Green, London)
CA - A & J
H Carmichael & Co
CL - Cambrian Line
(Williams & Roberts, later T Williams & Co)
CO - J.P. Corry
& Co.
CR - J J
Craig
DC - Dundee Clipper
Line (D Bruce & Co)
DD - Duncan Dunbar,
London
DM - Devitt
& Moore
DT
- J Duthie, Sons & Co, Aberdeen
EL - Elder Line (A
L Elder & Co, London)
GL - Glasgow
Shipping Co, later General Shipping Co (Aitken ,
Lilburn)
HI -
Hine Brothers
LA
- Thomas Law & Co
MA - G
Marshall
MG -
Alexander McGregor & Co
NI -
Alex Nicol & Co
NZ - New Zealand
Shipping Co
OR - Orient Line (Anderson,
Anderson & Co. London)
RO - D Rose
& Co
SC
- Scottish Line (W H Ross & Co, later g Windram
& Co)
SG - G
Smith & Co
SO - Joseph Somes
(later Merchant Shipping Co)
SM - Some Small
Companies
SP - James
Sproat & Co Ltd
SS
- Shaw, Savill & Albion, London
TA
- Trinder Anderson & Co
TM - Thames
& Mersey Line (J Heap & Sons)
TW - Welsh
County Line (W.Thomas, Sons & Co. Ltd.)
WG
- Money Wigram & Sons, London
WK - T B Walker,
London
WL - John Willis
& Son
WS - White
Star (Pilkington & Wilson, Liverpool)
WT - Watson Bros
WV - Waverly Line
(Williamson, Milligan & Co)
OTHER LISTS
FOR SHIP AND PICTURE DETAILS
CT - Convict
Transports
HS - Sailing
Vessels from Hamburg ( J C Godeffroy and R M Sloman)
WF - Wool Fleet,
1874 - 1890 (from Basil Lubbock's "The Colonial
Clippers")
WW - Some First
Arrivals at New Zealand ports 1840 -1902 (from
Sir Henry Brett's "White Wings")
PERICLES - From
a painting by Jack Spurling illustrated in
"SAIL:The Romance of the Clipper Ships"
ABBREVIATIONS
The details of
each Sailng Vessel (where available) are set out
in the following order:
1. Hull Construction: w -Wood;
c - Composite
(metal frame,
wood planks); i - Iron; st -
Steel.
2. Number
of Masts: 1, 2, 3 or more
3.
Rig:
s - Ship
(yards with square rig on at least 3 masts and on
all masts if more than 3)
bk - Barque or
Bark (in a 3 or more masted vessel, yards
with square rig
on all but the last or mizzen mast)
bkn -
Barquentine or Barkentine (in a 3 or more
masted
vessel yards with square rig on the
foremast only)
bg -
Brig (2 masted vessel with yards and
square rig on
both masts)
bgn - Brigantine -
(2 masted vessel with square rig on
foremast only)
4.
Tonnage: A volume
measurement of the enclosed space on a vessel
- one
ton representing 100 cubic feet. The method for
calculating
tonnage has
changed with time and the evolution of ship design.
The calculation
before 1835 is described as 'old measurement'
(or o.m.) and after that date as 'new measurement'
(or n.m.).
The
method calculation was further refined in the 1850s with a
distinction between 'gross tons' (the total capacity) and
'net tons'
(after
non-commercially usable space, e.g., machinery and crew
quarters' space is deducted). The tonnages
given in ship details
with
no qualification or 'registered tons' (rt) are provided, there
is an
element of doubt and often reflects a different sytem of
measurement, e.g. with U.S.A. built ships.
5. & 6: Year and
Place
of Construction (completion). These details are
important for identifying vessels with the same
name. Sometimes
date
of 'launch' rather than 'completion' is provided.
In most cases
it is
in the same year but not always. This can lead to confusion
over
the identification of a vessel.
Additional Details For Steam Auxiliaries:
S.S. - Steamship
ps - paddle steamers;
scs - (single) screw steamers
1f - one funnel (2f - 2 funnels)
Thus the
details of :
- the 'Red Jacket' are given as: "w3s 2,305t 1854
Rockland, Maine";
-
the 'Cutty Sark' as "c3s 963gt 1869 Dumbarton";
- the 'Pericles' as 'i3s 1598gt 1877 Aberdeen';
- the
'S.S. Great Victoria' (ex-Jacquard) as "iscs 1f3s 2398gt
1854 Nantes (acqd
1863 ren)".
ABBREVIATIONS WITH PICTURE DETAiL
us - under sail
uw -
underway (steamers)
ut - under tow
am - at mooring or at anchor
aq - at
quay/alongside
OTHER ABBREVIATIONS
acqd -
acquired
ren - renamed
...
"MARCO POLO"- From the Illustrated London News 1853
SOURCES OF SAILING VESSEL PICTURES
A. THE INTERNET
PICTURE
AUSTRALIA - provides access to the picture
collections
of all national and state libraries and
museums, including,
the Australian War Memorial and National Archives
of Australia.
http://www.pictureaustralia.org
--------------------------
anmm - Australian National Maritime
Museum, Sydney -
http://www.anmm.gov.au
awm - Australian War Memorial,
Canberra -
http://www.awm.gov.au
mhg -
Museum fur Hamburgische Geschichte, Hamburg -
http://www.hamburgmuseum.de
mmm -
Merseyside Maritime Museum, Liverpool -
http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk
naa -
National Archives of Australia, Canberra -
http://www.naa.gov.au
nla - National Library of Australia, Canberra -
http://www.nla.gov.au
nlnz - Alexander Turnbull Library,
National
Library of New Zealand, Wellington -
http://timeframes1.natlib.govt.nz
nmm -
National Maritime Museum, Greenwich -
http://www.nmm.ac.uk
pem -
Peabody Essex Museum,, Salem, Mass. -
http://www.pem.org/collections/
sln -
State Library of New South Wales, Sydney -
http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au
slq -
State Library of Queensland, Brisbane -
http://enc.slq.qld.gov.au
slsa -
State Library of South Australia, Adelaide -
http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au
slt -
State Library of Tasmania, Hobart -
http://www.statelibrary.tas.gov.au
slv -
State Library of Victoria, Melbourne -
http://www.slv.vic.gov.au
B. BOOKS AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS
(a) Illustrated Newspaper Periodicals
Illustrated London News (1842 - 1891)
Illustrated Sydney News (1853 - 1889)
Australian Sketcher (1873 - 1889)
Vaughan
Evans compiled indexes of illustrations (including ships)
of Australian and New Zealand
interest.for each of these publications
These indexes are available on the
website of the Australian
National Maritime Museum.. The index for
the Illustrated London
News
lists illustrations of over fifty sailing vessels from 1845 to 1881.
(b) Books
An
oustanding book with colour plates of watercolours by Jack
Spurling of more than seventy well known sailing ships,
including
many in the Australian and New Zealand
trade, is "SAIL: The
Romance of the Clipper Ships".
The book is pictured by Jack
Spurling, storied by Basil Lubbock, and
edited by F.A. Hook.
It was published in three volumes in
the first instance by the Blue
Peter Publishing Company, London from 1927 to
1936. In 1972,
Grossett & Dunlap, New York, published a
facsimile reprint of
the three volumes. A composite volume
"The Best of Sail" which
includes thirty-six colour plates of
Spurling's paintings was also
published by Grossett & Dunlap
in 1977.
Basil Lubbock's "The Colonial Clippers", "The Blackwall
Frigates"
and "The Last of the Windjammers",
Volumes I and II, published
respectively in 1921, 1924, 1927 and
1928, by Brown, Son &
Ferguson, Ltd., Glasgow, and
have been reprinted since, contain
photos as well as details of a large
number of sailing vessels that
were well
known in the Australia and New Zealand trade. The
"Colonial Clippers" contains photos of
more than eighty such
sailing ships.
Frank C. Bowen's "The
Golden Age of Sail - Indiamen. Packets and
Clipper Ships with Illustrations from
Contemporary Engravings and
Paintings
in the MacPherson Collection" published in 1925 by Halton
& Truscott Smith Ltd.,
London and Minton, Balch & Company, New
York, contains black & white and
some colour reproductions of
lithographs by T.G. Dutton and J.R. Isaac as well
as of paintings in
the MacPherson Collection held by the
National Maritime Museum,
Greenwich, in the United Kingdom.
Another
noteworthy source of ships' pictures is Sir Henry Brett's
"White Wings: Fifty Years of Sail in the
New Zealand Trade, 1850 to
1900" (published in 1924) and
his subsequent volume "White Wings:
Founding of the Provinces and Old Time
Shipping" (published 1928).
A composite volume, "White Wings:
Immigrant Ships to New Zealand
1840-1902", edited by Cyril R. Bradwell,
was published by A.H. &
A.W. Reed Ltd., Wellington.1984
The
American clipper ship prints published by Currier & Ives of
"Red Jacket", "Flying Cloud",
"Lightning", and "Sovereign of the Seas",
which carried people to Australia in the
Gold Rush in the 1850s, needs
mention. The compilation
"Clipper Ships - Currier & Ives Prints No. 3 -
introduction by Felix Riesenberg"
(published by The Studio Limited,
London and William Edward
Rudge, New York , 1932) has colour
reproductions of twenty one
of these prints.including of the four
clippers mentioned above.
David R. MacGregor's "Merchant
Sailing Ships1815-1850", "Merchant
Sailing Ships 1850-1875", "Fast Sailing
Ships - Their Design and
Construction 1775-1875", and "British
and American Clippers. A
Comparison of their Design, Construction
and Performance in the
1850s" (published by Conway Maritime
Press Ltd., London) are also a
fruitful source of pictures and
information.
(c) Catalogues
The
printed catalogues of the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich,
are a central resource in finding
pictures of vessels of Australian and
New Zealand interest, in particular, the
"Concise Catalogue of Paintings
in the National Maritime Museum", and
the Museum's "General
Catalogue of Historic
Photographs, Volume II, Merchant Sailing Ships".
Online, the Museum's catalogues of
'Historic Photographs' and 'Prints
and Drawings' are
important sources. The latter with its many thousands
of items is an outstanding collection of
lithographs, water colours,
etchings and drawings of vessels before
they could be recorded by
photography.
The
online catalogues of the Australian national and state libraries and
museums, in particular, the
State Library of Victoria with its Malcolm
Brodie shipping collection and Allan C.
Green collection of photographs
of sailing vessels, is a great
resource. The Australian National
Maritime Museum,
the National Libraries of Australia and of New
Zealand and the other State Libraries
also hold important collections of
sailing ship paintings, etchings and
photographs. By searching the
name of a ship in Picture Australia,
images of the ship where they exist
in the collections of all these
institutions can be seen on one screen.
Other noteworthy
catalogues of paintings which include vessels of
Australian and New Zealand interest are:
- "Marine Paintings and Drawings in the
Peabody Museum" by M.V. and
Dorothy Brewington
- "More
Marine Paintings & Drawings in the Peabody Museum" by Phillip
Chadwick Foster Smith
- "Marine
Paintings and Drawings in Mystic Seaport Museum" by Dorothy
E.R. Brewington
-
"Illustrated Catalogue of Marine Paintings in the Merseyside Maritime
Museum Liverpool "
by Anthony Tibbles
.
ST. VINCENT - From the Illustrated London News, 1854